Perianal Plasmablastic Lymphoma Masquerading as a Buschke-Löwenstein-like Tumour in an HIV-infected Patient with Recurrent Anal Condyloma
  • Xavier Rivera Rivera
    University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School
  • Joshua Baalwa
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA

Keywords

Buschke-Löwenstein like tumor, antiretroviral therapy associated immune reconstitution

Abstract

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) commonly presents as a primary (de novo) oral or extraoral mucocutaneous or nodal mass lesion in patients with HIV/AIDS. PBL developing as a secondary malignancy at the same location as a pre-existing tumour is extremely rare and has never been reported in association with longstanding or recurrent anal condyloma. A Buschke-Löwenstein tumour is a rare gigantic, locally destructive condyloma that is usually located in the anogenital region. We report a case of a diagnostically and therapeutically challenging PBL that presented as a rapidly enlarging mass underlying a giant condyloma, thereby mimicking a benign Buschke-Löwenstein tumour. Clinical suspicion was further masked by the co-presence of fistulae in ano and adjacent abscess pockets at the time of diagnosis. By the time of final diagnosis, the lymphoma had disseminated to regional lymph nodes, a month later to pleural cavities and 4 months later to the leptomeninges and bilateral kidneys, leading to permanent deferral of chemotherapeutic intervention.

VIEW THE ENTIRE ARTICLE

References

  • Castillo JJ, Bibas M, Miranda RN. The biology and treatment of plasmablastic lymphoma. Blood 2015;125(15):2323–2330.
  • Meer S, Perner Y, McAlpine ED, Willem P. Extraoral plasmablastic lymphomas in a high human immunodeficiency virus endemic area.Histopathology 2020;76:212–221.
  • Creasman C, Haas PA, Fox Jr TA, Balazs M. Malignant transformation of anorectal giant condyloma acuminatum (Buschke-Loewenstein tumor). Dis Colon Rectum 1989;32(6):481–487.
  • Lopez A, Abrisqueta P. Plasmablastic lymphoma: current perspectives. Blood Lymphat Cancer 2018;8:63–70.
  • Noy A, Lensing SY, Moore PC, Gupta N, Aboulafia D, Ambinder R, et al. Plasmablastic lymphoma is treatable in the HAART era. A 10 year retrospective by the AIDS Malignancy Consortium. Leuk Lymphoma 2016;57(7):1731–1734.
  • Tchernonog E, Faurie P, Coppo P, Monjanel H, Bonnet A, Algarte Génin M, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of plasmablastic lymphoma patients: analysis of 135 patients from the LYSA group. Ann Oncol 2017;28(4):843–848.
  • Gopal S, Patel MR, Achenbach CJ, Yanik EL, Cole SR, Napravnik S, et al. Lymphoma immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the center for AIDS research network of integrated clinical systems cohort. Clin Infect Dis 2014;59(2):279–286.

    • Views: 516
    HTML downloads: 70
    PDF downloads: 265

    Published: 2021-06-11
    Issue: 2021: Vol 8 No 6 (view)

    How to cite:
    1.
    Rivera Rivera X, Baalwa J. Perianal Plasmablastic Lymphoma Masquerading as a Buschke-Löwenstein-like Tumour in an HIV-infected Patient with Recurrent Anal Condyloma. EJCRIM 2021;8 doi:10.12890/2021_002552.