Seizure and bilateral external jugular vein distention: a rare manifestation of Stanford type A aortic dissection

Mohamad Zbidat; Botros Msheiil; Nasra Idilbi

doi:10.12890/2023_003996

Mohamad Zbidat
Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
Botros Msheiil
Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
Nasra Idilbi
Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel; The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, D.N. Emek Yezreel, Israel

Keywords

Type A aortic dissection, external jugular vein distention, fatal medical emergency

Abstract

Introduction: Seizure as a sole sign of Stanford Type A aortic dissection (AAD) is mentioned in the medical literature. In this case, AAD was manifested by external bilateral jugular vein distention and generalized seizure.
Patients and Methods: A 47-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department with convulsions in the upper and lower extremities. She was diagnosed with AAD and transferred to a hospital with cardio-thoracic capabilities for surgery.
Conclusion: Seizure resulting from aortic dissection has been explained by general cerebral hypoperfusion. However, jugular vein distention could be secondary to increased thoracic pressure, due to compression of the pulmonary artery by the ascending aorta.

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References

Qiu TY, See JJ, Shi H, Wong YJ. Acute liver failure and seizure: a case report of an unusual presentation of acute painless aortic dissection. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2020;5:ytaa429

Gawinecka J, Schönrath F, von Eckardstein A. Acute aortic dissection: pathogenesis, risk factors and diagnosis. Swiss Med Wkly 2017;147:w14489

Lawal OJ, Dhindsa HS, Loyd JW. A patient with altered mental status and possible seizure reveals an atypical aortic dissection upon workup. Am J Emerg Med 2014;32:488.e1-2

Evangelista A, Isselbacher EM, Bossone E, Gleason TG, Eusanio MD, Sechtem U, et al. Insights From the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection: A 20-Year Experience of Collaborative Clinical Research. Circulation 2018;137:1846-1860

Finsterer J, Frank M, Keller H, Bastowanski A. Seizure as initial manifestation of aortic dissection type a. West J Emerg Med 2010;11:510-511

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Published: 2023-08-16
Issue: 2023: Vol 10 No 9 (view)

How to cite:

1.

Zbidat M, Msheiil B, Idilbi N. Seizure and bilateral external jugular vein distention: a rare manifestation of Stanford type A aortic dissection. EJCRIM 2023;10 doi:10.12890/2023_003996.

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